| Affricates | [pfʰ], [pf] [bv] [tθʰ], [tθ], [ʦ̪], [ʦ̪ʲ] [d̪ð], [ʣ̪], [ʣ̪ʲ], [d̪z̪ʲ] [tsˠ], [tsʰ], [ʔts], [tsʰʱ], [ts], [tɹ̝ʰ], [tɹ̝], [ʦʲ], [tsː], [ʰtsː], [tsʷ] [tsˠ], [ⁿdz], [ts̤], [dz], [zʲ], [ʣʲ], [dzʷ], [dzː] [tʃʷʰ], [tʃʷː], [tʃʷ], [tʃʲʰ], [tʃʲ], [tʃˠ], [ⁿtʃʰ], [ⁿtʃ], [tʃʰ], [ʔt̠ʃ], [tʃː], [ʰtʃ], [tʃ], [ʧˤ], [tɕ], [tɕʰ], [ʰʧː] [dʒʷ], [dʒʲ], [dʒˠ], [ⁿdʒ], [tʃ̤], [dʒ], [dʒʰ], [dʒː], [d̠ʑ], [d̠ʑʱ], [dʒʱ], [dʒʰ], [d̤ʒ] [ⁿʈʂʰ], [ⁿʈʂ], [ʈʂʰ], [ʈʂ], [ʈɻ̊] [ⁿɖʐ], [ɖʐ] [ⁿcɕ], [cɕʰ], [cɕ], [cçʷ], [cçʰ], [cç] [ⁿɟʑ], [ɟʑ], [ɟʝʷ], [ⁿɟʝ], [ɟʝ] [kxʷʰ], [kxʰ], [kxː], [kx] [qχʷˁ], [qχʷ], [qχˁ], [qχː], [qχ], [ʤʰ] |
| Approximants | [ɸ̞], [ʋː] [β̞ʲ], [β̞ˠ], [β̞ː], [β̞] [ʋ], [ʋː] [*ɹ̥] [*ɹ], [ɹ] [ɹ̠] [ɻ] [j̊] [ɥ], [j̃], [j̰], [j], [jː], [jːː] [ʍ] [w̃], [w̰], [w], [ɰ̰], [ɰ], [wʲ], [wː] [ʁ̞̰ʷ], [ʁ̞ʷ], [ʁ̞] |
| Clicks | [ǀŋ̥ˀˠ], [|kʰˠ], [|kˠ], [ǀŋ̥ʰ], [ǀŋ̥ˀ], [|kʰ], [|kˀ], [|k] [|gˀˠ], [|gˠ], [|ŋ̤], [|ŋ], [|g̤], [|g] [!ŋ̥ˀˠ], [!kʰˠ], [!kˠ], [!ŋ̥ʰ], [!ŋ̥ˀ], [!kʰ], [!k], [!kˠ] [!gˀˠ], [!gˠ], [!ŋ̤], [!ŋ], [!g̤], [!g] [!̠kʰˠ], [ǃ̠ŋ̥ʰ], [ǃ̠ŋ̥ˀ], [!̠kʰ], [!̠kˀ], [!̠k] [!̠ŋ], [!̠g] [ǂŋ̥ˀˠ], [ǂkˠ], [ǂŋ̥ʰ], [ǂŋ̥ˀ], [ǂkʰ], [ǂk] [ǂgˀˠ], [ǂgˠ], [ǂŋ̤], [ǂŋ], [ǂg̤], [ǂg] |
| Diphthongs | [õ̞ˁĩˁ], [o̞ˁiˁ], [õ̞ĩ], [ɔ̃ĩ], [o̤i̤], [o̞i], [ɔ̤i̤], [ɔi], [ɪʊ], [ʊɔ], [əu], [ɛu], [ɔu], [au], [uɔ], [uə], [ia], [iɛ], [ou], [ua], [uo], [yɛ], [ei], [ɛːi], [ɑi], [ɑːu], [ɑu], [ʌu], [ʉi], [œʉ], [œi], [øi], [ue̞], [ɐɪ], [ɐʊ], [ɔɪ], [ɑɪ], [ɛə], [eɪ], [əʊ], [ɪə], [ʊə], [aʊ], [ɪa], [oi], [eu], [ɯa], [ie], [ɪɛ], [iɜ], [eɛ], [ʊa], [eɪ̯ˀ], [øi], [yi], [æy], [uy], [ɵy], [ɐi], [ɐu], [ye], [ʌi], [ɛe], [ɛe], [ɛe̞], [ɛo], [äe], [äo], [ɔe], [ɔo], [oe], [əiː], [əeː], [ɑːeː], [ɑːiː], [ɪũː], [æaː], [ʊiː], [oːiː], [ɑːɪ], [ɑːe], [eɑː], [io], [iɔ], [ue], [uɛ], [ɑeː], [ɑe], [ɑiː], [ɑoː], [ɑuː], [eɑ], [eiː], [eoː], [oɑː], [oeː], [oiː], [ouː], [uiː], [ɤɑː], [ɤeː], [ɤe], [ɤiː], [ɤoː], [ɤuː], [ɤu], [æeː], [æe], [æiː], [æoː], [æo], [æuː], [æu], [øɑː], [øeː], [øiː], [yiː], [iuː] [ä̃ˁẽ̞ˁ], [äˁe̞ˁ], [äe̞] [ä̃ˁõ̞ˁ], [äˁo̞ˁ], [äo̞] [õ̞ˁä̃ˁ], [o̞ˁäˁ], [õ̞ä̃], [o̞ä] [ẽ̞ũ], [e̞u] [ĩẽ̞], [ɪe̞], [ie̞] [ẽ̞ĩ], [e̞i], [ɛi] [õ̞ũ], [o̞u] [ä̃ĩ], [ä̤i̤], [äi] [ãĩ], [æi], [ai] [ɨ̃ĩ], [ɨi] [ũĩ], [ʊi], [ṳi̤], [ui] [ɑ̃ɔ̃] [ɛ̃ɔ̃] [ɤ̤i̤], [ɤi] [øy] [i̤ə̤], [iə] [əi] [ɜi] [io̞] [yø̟] [əu] [ṳə̤], [uə] [əɯ] [ɯ̤ə̤], [ɯə] [ɨə] [uo̞] [ɔy] [iʌ] [ɛɯ] [i̤ɛ̤], [iɛ] [uʌ] [ɯʌ] [æʉ] [i̤ä̤], [iä] [ia] [ä̤ṳ], [äu] [ṳä̤], [uä] [ä̤ɯ̤], [äɯ] [ɯä] [ɨä] [äɨ] [i̤ṳ], [iu] [ɯ̤i̤], [ɯi] [ɛo̞] [e̞ä] [e̞ə] [e̞o̞] [o̞e̞] [äɛ] [ə̃ũ] |
| Ejective affricates | [pfʼ] [t̪s̪ʼ], [tθʼ] [*tɬʷʼ], [*tɬːʼ], [*tɬʼ], [tɬʼ], [*tsʷʼ], [*tsːʼ], [*tsʼ], [tsʼ], [cɕʼ] [dzʼ] [tʃʷʼ], [tʃːʼ], [tʃʼ] [dʒʼ] [ʈʂʼ] [kʟ̝̊ʼ], [kxːʼ] [qχʷˁʼ], [qχʷʼ], [qχˁːʼ], [qχˁʼ], [qχːʼ], [qχʼ] |
| Ejective fricatives | [ɸʼ] [fʼ] [sʼ] [ʃʼ] [ʂʼ] [ɕʼ] [xʷʼ], [xʼ] [χʷʼ], [qʼ] |
| Ejective stops | [pʼ] [bʼ] [t̪ʼ] [*tʼ], [tʼ] [dʼ] [cʼ] [kʷʼ], [kʲʼ], [kʼ], [kʷʼ] [gʼ] [qʷˁʼ], [qʷʼ], [qˁʼ], [qʼ] |
| Flaps | [ⱱ] [ɾ̪̰], [ɾ̪], [ɾ̪] [ɾ̊ʲ], [ɾ̊ˠ] [ɾ̝], [*ɾʲ], [*ɾ], [ɾʲ], [ɾˠ], [ɾ̰], [ɾ], [ɾˁ] [ɾ̠] [ɽ̃], [ɽ], [ɽʰ] |
| Fricatives | [ɸʷˠ], [ɸʷ], [ɸʲ], [ɸ] [βʲ], [β] [fʷ], [fʲ], [fː], [f], [fːː] [vʷ], [vʲ], [ⁿv], [v̤], [v], [vː], [vːː] [θ], [θː] [ðʲ], [ð], [ðˁ], [ðː], [ðˁ:] [sʲ], [sˁ], [ʔs], [sː], [s], [sˁː], [sːː], [sʲː], [sʲːː] [*z], [ⁿz], [z], [*z], [z], [zʲ], [zˁ], [zˁː], [zː] [ʃʷː], [ʃʷ], [ʃʲ], [ʃˠ], [ʃː], [ʰʃ], [ʃ], [ʃːː] [ʒʷ], [ʒʲ], [ʒˠ], [ⁿʒ], [ʒ̤], [ʒ], [ʒː] [ʂ], [ʂ] [ʐ̰], [ʐ], [ʐ] [ɕ], [çʷ], [ç] [ʑ], [ʝ] [ɧ], [xːʷ], [xʷ], [xʲ], [xː], [x] [ɣʷ], [ɣʲ], [ɣ̰], [ɣ] [χːʷˁ], [χʷˁ], [χːʷ], [χʷ], [χːˁ], [χˁ], [χː], [χ] [ʁʷˁ], [ʁʷ], [ʁˁ], [ʁ], [ʁː] [ħ], [ħː] [ʕ], [ʕː] [hʷ], [hʲ], [ʔh], [h], [hː], [hːː] [ɦ], [ɦ] |
| Implosives | [ɓ̥] [ɓʲ], [ɓ] [ɗ̪], [*ɗ] [ɗ̥] [ɗ] [ɗ̠] [ᶑ] [ʄ] [ɠ] [ʛ̥] [ʛ] |
| Lateral affricates | [*dɬ] [*tɬʷʰ], [*tɬʰ], [*ʔtɬ], [*tɬː], [*tɬ] [tɬʰ], [tɬ] [dɮ] |
| Lateral approximants | [l̪̥] [l̪ʲ], [l̪ˠ], [l̪], [l̪ː], [l̪], [l̪ːː] [*l̥], [l̥ʲ], [l̥ˠ], [l̥] [*lʲ], [*lˠ], [*lˁ], [*l̰], [*l̤], [*l], [lʲ], [lˠ], [lˁ], [l̃], [l̰], [l], [lː], [lˁː], [lːː], [lʲː], [lʲːː] [l̠̤], [l̠] [ɭ̥] [ɭ] [ʎ], [ʎː] [ʟ] |
| Lateral clicks | [ǁkʰˠ], [ǁŋ̥ʰ], [ǁŋ̥ˀ], [ǁkʰ], [ǁkˀ], [ǁk] [ǁŋ], [ǁg] [ǂǂŋ̥ˀˠ], [ǂǂkˠ], [ǂǂŋ̥ʰ], [ǂǂŋ̥ˀ], [ǂǂʰ], [ǂǂ] [ǂǂgˀˠ], [ǂǂgˠ], [ǂǂŋ̤], [ǂǂŋ], [ǂǂg̤], [ǂǂg] |
| Lateral flaps | [*ɺ̪], [ɺʲ], [ɺ] [ɺ̢̰], [ɺ̢] |
| Lateral fricatives | [ɬ̪ʲ], [l̪̥ː], [ɬ̪], [ɬ̪ʲʼ] [ɮ̪ʲ], [ɮ̪] [*ɬʷː], [*ɬʷ], [*ɬʲ], [*ɬː], [*ɬ], [ɬʲ], [ɬ], [*ɬʼ] [*ɮ], [ɮʲ], [ɮ] [ɮ̢] [ʟ̝̊] |
| Nasals | [m̥] [mʷˠ], [mʷ], [mʲ], [m̰], [mː], [m̤], [m], [mːː] [ɱ] [n̪̥] [n̪ʲ], [n̪̰], [n̪̤], [n̪], [n̪ː], [n̪ːː] [*n̊], [n̥ʲ], [n̥ˠ], [n̥] [*nʷ], [*nʲ], [*n̰ ], [*nː], [*n̤], [*n], [nʲ], [nˠ], [n̰], [nː], [n], [nːː], [nʲː], [nʲːː] [n̠̥] [n̠̤], [n̠] [ɳ̥] [ɳ] [ɲ̥] [ɲʷ], [ɲ̰], [ɲː], [ɲ] [ŋ̥͡m̥], [ŋ̊ʷ], [ŋ̊ʲ], [ŋ̊] [ŋ͡m], [ŋʷ], [ŋʲ], [ŋˁ], [ŋ̰], [ŋ̤], [ŋ], [ŋː] [ɴ] |
| Plosives | [99] [??] [pʷˠʰ], [pʷ], [pʲʰ], [pʲ], [ⁿpʰ], [ⁿp], [pʰ], [ʔp], [pː], [pʱ], [ʰp], [p], [pˤ], [pːː] [bʷˠ], [ⁿbʷ], [bʷ], [ⁿbʲ], [bʲ̤], [bʲ], [ⁿb], [bⁿ], [b̰], [bː], [b̤], [b], [bʰ], [b̥], [bʱ] [b̪] [t̪ʲ], [t̪ˁ], [ⁿt̪ʰ], [ⁿt̪], [t̪ʰ], [ʔt̪], [t̪ʱ], [t̪], [t̪ːː], [t̪ː], [t̪ˁː] [d̪ʲ], [d̪ˁ], [ⁿd̪], [d̪ⁿ], [d̪̰], [d̪̤], [d̪], [d̪ʰ], [d̪ː], [d̪ʱ] [*tʷʰ], [*tʷ], [*tʲʰ], [*tʲ], [*tˠʰ], [*tˁ], [*ⁿt], [*tʰ], [*ʔt], [*tː], [*tʱ], [*t], [tʲ], [tˠ], [ⁿt], [tʰ], [tː], [tʱ], [ʰt], [t], [tːː], [tˤ], [tˢ], [tʷ], [tˁː], [tʲː], [tʲːː] [*ⁿdʷ], [*dʷ], [*ⁿdʲ], [*dʲ], [*dˁ], [*ⁿd], [*d̰], [*d̤], [*d], [ⁿdʲ], [dʲ], [̰dˠ], [ⁿd], [dⁿ], [d̰], [d], [dʰ], [d̥], [dʷ], [dː], [dˁ], [dˁː], [d̤], [dʱ], [dˁ:] [ⁿt̠], [t̠ʰ], [t̠] [ⁿd̠], [d̠ⁿ], [d̠̰], [d̠], [d̠ʱ] [ⁿʈ], [ʈʰ], [ʔʈ], [ʈ] [ⁿɖ], [ɖⁿ], [ɖ̰], [ɖ̤], [ɖ], [ɖʰ], [ɖʱ] [ⁿc], [cʰ], [cː], [c], [cːː] [ⁿɟ], [ɟ̰], [ɟː], [ɟ], [ɟʰ] [k͡pʷ], [k͡pʰ], [k͡p], [ⁿkʷ], [kʷʰ], [ʔk], [kːʷ], [kʷ], [ⁿkʲ], [kʲʰ], [kʲ], [kˁ], [ⁿkʰ], [ⁿk], [kʰ], [ʔk], [kː], [kʱ], [ʰk], [k], [kˡᶾ], [kːː], [kˤ] [ɡ͡bʷ], [ⁿɡ͡b], [ɡ͡b], [ⁿɡʷ], [ɡʷ̤], [ɡʷ], [ɡʲ], [ⁿɡ], [ɡⁿ], [ɡˡ], [ɡʱ], [ɡ], [ɡʰ], [ɡ̈], [ɡ̊], [ɡː] [qʷˁʰ], [qʷʰ], [ʔq], [qːʷ], [qʷ], [qˁʰ], [ⁿqʰ], [ⁿq], [qʰ], [ʔq], [qː], [q] [ɢʷˁ], [ɢʷ], [ɢˁ], [ɢ], [ɢʰ] [ʔʷ], [ʔˁ], [ʔ], [ʔː], [ʔ:] |
| R-sounds | [R̪] [*R̥] [*R̰], [*R], [R], [R] |
| Sibilant affricates | [t̪s̪ʲ], [ⁿt̪s̪ʰ], [ⁿt̪s̪], [t̪s̪ʰ], [t̪s̪], [t̪s̪ː] [ⁿd̪z̪], [d̪z̪], [d̪z̪ː] [*tsʷʰ], [*tsʷː], [*tsʲ], [*ⁿts], [*tsʰ], [*ʔts], [*tsː], [*tsʱ], [*ts] [*dzʲ], [*ts̤], [*dz] |
| Sibilant fricatives | [s̪ʲ], [s̪ˁ], [ʔs̪], [s̪], [s̪ʼ], [s̪ː] [z̪ʲ], [z̪ˁ], [ⁿz̪], [z̪] [*sːʷ], [*sʷ], [*sʲ], [*sˁ], [*ⁿs], [*sʰ], [*sː], [*ʰs], [*s], [*sʼ] [*zʷ], [*zʲ], [*zˁ], [*ⁿz] |
| Trills | [rj] [r̪ʲ], [r̪] [*r̊], [r̥] [*r̝], [*rʲ], [*rˠ], [*rˁ], [*r̰], [*r], [rʲ], [ⁿr], [r], [rː], [rˁː], [rːː] [ɽr], [ɽ͡r] [ɽr̥] [ʀ] |
| Vowels | [*i], [ĩˠ], [iˠ], [iˁː], [iˁ], [ḭ̃], [ĩː], [ĩ], [i̥], [ḭ], [iː], [i̤], [ĭ], [i], [iːː] [ỹ], [yː], [y], [yːː] [ɨ̃ː], [ɨ̃], [ɨ˞], [ɨː], [ɨ̆], [ɨ] [ʉː], [ʉ̆], [ʉ] [*ɯ], [ɯ̃], [ɯː], [ɯ̤], [ɯ] [*u], [uˁː], [uˁ], [ũː], [ũ], [u̥], [ṵ], [uː], [ṳ], [ŭ], [u], [uːː] [ɪˁ], [ɪ̃], [ɪ̆], [ɪ], [e̝] [ʏ] [ɨ̃], [ɪ̈] [ʊ̈] [ɯ̆], [ɯ̞] [u̞ˁ], [ʊ̃], [u̞ː], [ŭ̞], [ʊ] [ø̠], [øː], [ø̆], [ø], [øːː] [ẽː], [ẽ], [e̠], [ḛ], [eː], [e̤], [e], [eːː] [ɵ̃], [ɵ] [ɘ̃ː], [ɘ̃], [ɘː], [ɘ], [ɘːː] [ø̞ˁ], [ø̞ː], [ø̞], [œ̝] [e̞ˁ], [ẽ̞̰], [ẽ̞], [e̞̠], [e̞̥], [e̞̰], [e̞ː], [ĕ̞], [e̞] [ə̹̆], [ə̹] [ə̃], [ɚ], [əː], [ə̆], [ə] [õ̞ˁ], [o̞ˁː], [o̞ˁ], [õ̞̰], [õ], [o̽], [o̞̥], [o̞̰], [o̞ː], [ŏ̞], [o̞] [ɤ̞̃], [ɤ̞̃], [ɤ̟], [ɤ̞ː], [ɤ̞] [õː], [õ], [o̟], [o̰], [oː], [o̤], [ŏ], [o], [oːː] [ɤ̤], [ɤ], [ɤː], [ɤːː] [œ̃], [œ], [œː] [ɛ̃ː], [ɛ̃], [ɛ̰], [ɛː], [ɛ̤], [ɛ̆], [ɛ] [ɞ] [ɜ̃], [ɜː], [ɜ], [ɝ] [ʌ̃], [ʌ̤], [ʌ] [ɔ̃ː], [ɔˁ], [ɔ̃ː], [ɔ̃], [ɔ̰], [ɔː], [ɔ̤], [ɔ̆], [ɔ] [ã], [aː], [a] [æˁ], [æ̃], [æː], [æ], [æːː], [ɶ], [ɶː], [æ̃ː] [ɐ̹̆] [ɐˁ], [ɐ̆], [ɐ] [ä̃ˁː], [ä̃ˁ], [äˁː], [äˁ], [ä̰̃], [ä̃ː], [ä̃], [ä˞], [ḁ̈], [ä̰], [äː], [ä̤], [ä̆], [ä] [ɑ̃ː], [ɑ̃], [ɑː], [ɑ], [ɑːː] [ɒ̃], [ɒː], [ɒ̤], [ɒ̆], [ɒ] [ɑ̝] [ɒ̝] |